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Ginger root Botanical name: Zingiber officinale Linn. Family: Zingiberaceae. Ginger oil and oleoresins are the volatile oil derived by steam distillation of ginger and oleoresin. It is obtained by percolating the powdered rhizomes of Ginger, Zingiber officinale with volatile solvents. Ginger contains 1-2 percent of volatile oil, 5-8 percent of pungent acrid oleoresin and starch. Zingiberene is the chief constituent in the oil of ginger. Oil is employed for flavoring all kinds of food products and confectionary and finds limited use in perfumery. Oleoresin, commercially called Gingerin contains pungent principles viz. gingerol and shogaol apart from the volatile oil of ginger and is used as an aromatic, carminative, stomachic and as a stimulant. Oleoresin from ginger is obtained conventionally by extraction of dried powdered ginger with organic solvents like ethyl acetate, ethanol or acetone. Commercial dried ginger yields 3.5-10.0 per cent oleoresin. Ginger oleoresin is a dark brown viscous liquid responsible for the flavour and pungency of the spice. Ginger of commerce or `Adrak` is the dried underground stem or rhizome of the plant, which constitutes one of the five most important major spices of India, standing third or fourth, competing with chillies, depending upon fluctuations in world market prices, world market demand and supply position. Ginger, like cinnamon, clove and pepper, is one of the most important and oldest spices. It consists of the prepared and sun dried rhizomes known in trade as `hands` and `races` which are either with the outer brownish cortical layers (coated or unscraped), or with outer peel or coating partially or completely removed. Ginger requires a warm and humid climate. It is cultivated from sea level to an altitude of 1500 meters, either under heavy rainfall conditions of 150 to 300 cm or under irrigation. The crop can thrive well in sandy or clayey loam or lateritic soils. The composition of dry ginger is given below: Dry Ginger rootMoisture:6.9 % Protein:8.6 % Fat:6.4 % Fiber:5.9 % Carbohydrates:66.5 % Ash:5.7 % Calcium:0.1 % Phosphorous:.15 % Iron:0.011 % Sodium:0.03 % Potassium:1.4 % Vitamin A:175 I.U./100 g Vitamin B1:0.05 mg/100 g Vitamin B2:0.13 mg/100 g Niacin:1.9 mg/100 g Vitamin C:12.0 mg/100 g Calorific value:380 calories/100 g. Ginger Oleoresin is obtained by extraction of powdered dried ginger with suitable solvents like alcohol, acetone etc. Unlike volatile oil, it contains both the volatile oil and the non-volatile pungent principles for which ginger is so highly esteemed. Concentration of the acetone extract under vacuum and on complete removal of even traces of the solvent used, yields the so called oleoresin of ginger. Ginger oleoresin is manufactured on a commercial scale in India and abroad and is in great demand by the various food industries.

Cassia is an aromatic bark, similar to cinnamon, but differing in strength and quality. Its bark is darker, thicker and coarser, and the corky outer bark is often left on. The outer surface is rough and grayish brown, the inside barks is smoother and reddish-brown. It is less costly than cinnamon and is often sold ground as cinnamon. When buying as sticks, cinnamon rolls into a single quill while cassia is rolled from both sides toward the centre so that they end up resembling scrolls. Cassia buds. Cassia buds resemble cloves. They are the dried unripe fruits about 14 mm (1/2 in) long and half as wide. It is native to Burma and grown in China, Indo-China, the East and West Indies and Central America. One of the oldest spices known to man. It has a strong characteristic aroma and flavor. We may sometimes hear cinnamon refer to as cassia. This term is used to distinguish between the Southeast Asia and the Ceylon type of cinnamon. Almost all of the cinnamon consumed in the United States is derived from trees grown in Southeast Asia. Nowadays cinnamon is used to flavor bakery and dairy products, as well as drinks. Cassia-cinnamon is such a familiar and beloved spice it needs little introduction. A global favorite for its delicious aromatic flavor.

Nutmeg Myristica fragrans Fam: Myristicaceae The nutmeg tree is a large evergreen native to the Moluccas (the Spice Islands) and is now cultivated in the West Indies. It produces two spices — mace and nutmeg. Nutmeg is the seed kernel inside the fruit and mace is the lacy covering (aril) on the kernel. The Arabs were the exclusive importers of the spice to Europe up until 1512, when Vasco de Gama reached the Moloccas and claimed the islands for Portugal. To preserve their new monopoly, the Portuguese (and from 1602, the Dutch) restricted the trees to the islands of Banda and Amboina. The Dutch were especially cautious, since the part of the fruit used as a spice is also the seed, so that anyone with the spice could propagate it. To protect against this, the Dutch bathed the seeds in lime, which would prevent them from growing. This plan was thwarted however, by fruit pigeons who carried the fruit to other islands, before it was harvested, scattering the seeds. The Dutch sent out search and destroy crews to control the spread and when there was an abundant harvest, they even burned nutmeg to keep its supply under control. Despite these precautions, the French, led by Pierre Poivre (Peter Piper) smuggled nutmeg seeds and clove seedlings to start a plantation on the island of Mauritius, off the east coast of Africa, near Madagascar. In 1796 the British took over the Moloccas and spread the cultivation to other East Indian islands and then to the Caribbean. Nutmeg was so successful in Grenada it now calls itself the Nutmeg Island, designing its flag in the green, yellow and red colours of nutmeg and including a graphic image of nutmeg in one corner. Spice Description The nutmeg seed is encased in a mottled yellow, edible fruit, the approximate size and shape of a small peach. The fruit splits in half to reveal a net-like, bright red covering over the seed. This is the aril which is collected, dried and sold as mace. Under the aril is a dark shiny nut-like pit, and inside that is the oval shaped seed which is the nutmeg. Nutmegs are usually sold without the mace or hard shell. They are oval, about 25 mm (1 in) in length, lightly wrinkled and dark brown on the outside, lighter brown on the inside. Nutmeg is sold whole or ground, and is labeled as ‘East Indian’ or ‘West Indian’ indicating its source. Whole nutmeg may be coated with lime to protect against insects and fungus, though this practice is giving way to other forms of fumigation. Bouquet:sweet, aromatic and nutty Flavour : Nutty , warm and slightly sweet Hotness Scale: 1

Mace Botanical: Myristica fragrans Family: N.O. Myristicaceae Hindi Name: Mace - Javitri General Description: Nutmeg, spice consisting of the seed of the Myristica fragrans, a tropical, dioecious evergreen tree native to the Moluccas or Spice Islands of Indonesia. Geographical Sources The nutmeg tree, Myristica fragrans, is indigenous to the Moluccas in Indonesia but has been successfully grown in other Asian countries and in the Caribbean, namely Grenada. Banda Islands, Malayan Archipelago, Molucca Islands, and cultivated in Sumatra, French Guiana Composition -> Nutmeg and mace contain 7 to 14 percent essential oil, the principal components of which are pinene, camphene, and dipentene. Nutmeg on expression yields about 24 to 30 percent fixed oil called nutmeg butter, or oil of mace. Dried kernel of the seed. Varieties -> Whole nutmegs are grouped under three broad quality classifications: 1. Sound: nutmegs which are mainly used for grinding and to a lesser extent for oleoresin extraction. High quality or sound whole nutmegs are traded in grades which refer to their size in numbers of nutmegs per pound: 80s, 110s and 130s (110 to 287 nuts per kg), or 'ABCD' which is an assortment of various sizes. 2. Substandard: nutmegs which are used for grinding, oleoresin extraction and essential oil distillation. Substandard nutmegs are traded as 'sound, shrivelled' which in general have a higher volatile oil content than mature sound nutmegs and are used for grinding, oleoresin extraction and oil distillation; and 'BWP' (broken, wormy and punky) which are mainly used for grinding as volatile oil content generally does not exceed 8%. 3. Distilling: poor quality nutmegs used for essential oil distillation.Distilling grades of nutmegs are of poorer quality: 'BIA' or 'ETEZ' with a volatile oil content of 8% to 10%; and 'BSL' or 'AZWI' which has less shell material and a volatile oil content of 12% to 13%. Method of Processing -> When fully mature it splits in two, exposing a crimson-coloured aril, the mace, surrounding a single shiny, brown seed, the nutmeg. The pulp of the fruit may be eaten locally. After collection, the aril-enveloped nutmegs are conveyed to curing areas where the mace is removed, flattened out, and dried. The nutmegs are dried gradually in the sun and turned twice daily over a period of six to eight weeks. During this time the nutmeg shrinks away from its hard seed coat until the kernels rattle in their shells when shaken. The shell is then broken with a wooden truncheon and the nutmegs are picked out. Dried nutmegs are grayish-brown ovals with furrowed surfaces. Large ones may be about 1.2 inches long and 0.8 inch in diameter. Taste and Aroma: Nutmeg has a characteristic, pleasant fragrance and slightly warm taste

Juniperus communis Fam: Cupressaceae Juniper is widely distributed throughout the northern hemisphere and its birthplace is obscure. It is found in Europe, North Africa, North America and northern Asia. The main commercial producers are Hungary and southern Europe, especially Italy. The berries were known to Greek, Roman and early Arab physicians as a medicinal fruit and are mentioned in the Bible. In the Renaissance, they were recommended against snake bite, and plague and pestilence. Because of its air-cleansing piney fragrance, the foliage was used as a strewing herb to freshen stale air and the Swiss burned the berries with heating fuel in winter to sanitize stale air. Gin, the alcoholic drink that gets its unique flavour from juniper berries, is named from an adaptation of the Dutch word for juniper, "geneva". Spice Description Initially hard and pale green, juniper berries ripen to blue-black, become fleshy and contain three sticky, hard, brown seeds. When dried, the berries remain soft but if broken open one will find the pith surrounding the seeds is easily crumbled. Bouquet: Fragrant and flowery, combining the aromas of gin and turpentine. Flavour:Aromatic, bittersweet and piny. Hotness Scale: 1 Preparation and Storage Juniper berries are at their best when they are still moist and soft to the touch, squashing fairly easily between one's fingers. It is possible to make a purée from juniper berries or to extract the flavour and aroma by macerating them in hot water, but as all parts are edible and the texture is agreeable, it is usually just as well to use the entire fruit, split or crushed. The berries are quite powerful, one heaped teaspoon of crushed fruits serving for a dish for four people. Store in a cool place in an airtight container. Culinary Uses Juniper berries perform a quite unique role, by contributing as much to the character of food through their 'freshening' ability, as they do by way of their specific taste profile. As well as flavouring a dish, juniper cuts the gaminess of game, reduces the fatty effect of duck and pork and perks up a bread stuffing. The strong hearty flavour of juniper goes well with strong meats, such as game. Pork chops, roast leg of lamb, veal, rabbit, venison and wild boar are all enlivened with a hint of juniper. Juniper berries blend well with other herbs and spices, especially thyme, sage, oregano, marjoram, bay leaves, allspice and onions and garlic. One application I am particularly fond of is in a simple chicken casserole, It can effectively be added to wine marinades for meats, and is used with coriander in smoking meat. It seasons pâtés and sauces and in Sweden. Goulash and Sauerkraut often feature a juniper taste, as do some home-pickled meats like salt beef, salt pork and ham. Generally juniper can well be used in any dish requiring alcohol. Fruit dishes, such as apple tart and pickled peaches, also harmonize with this flavour.

Sweet marjoram: Origanum (O) hortensis (orMajoranahortensis). Potmarjoram: O.onites Wildmajoram: O.vulgare. Syrian majoram is called zatar Family: Labiatae or Lamiaceae (mint family). In Europe, marjoram was a traditional symbol of youth and romantic love. Used by Romans as an aphrodisiac, it was used to cast love spells and was worn at weddings as a sign of happiness during the middle Ages. Greeks who wore marjoram wreaths at weddings called it “joy of the mountains.” It was used to brew beer before hops was discovered, and flavored a wine called hippocras. A cousin of the oregano family, marjoram originated in Mediterranean regions and is now a commonly used spice in many parts of Europe. Called zatar in the Middle east and often mistaken for oregano, it is also a popular spicing in Eastern Europe. Origin and Varieties Marjoram is indigenous to northern Africa and southwest Asia. It is cultivated around the Mediterranean, in England, Central and Eastern Europe, South America, the United States, and India. Description Marjoram leaf is used fresh, as whole or chopped, and dried whole or broken, and ground. The flowering tops and seeds, which are not as strong as the leaves, are also used as flavorings. Sweet marjoram is a small and oval-shaped leaf. It is light green with a greyish tint. Marjoram is fresh, spicy, bitter, and slightly pungent with camphor like notes. It has the fragrant herbaceous and delicate, sweet aroma of thyme and sweet basil. Pot marjoram is bitter and less sweet. Chemical Components Sweet marjoram has 0.3% to 1% essential oil, mostly monoterpenes. It is yellowish to dark greenish brown in color. It mainly consists of cis-sabinene hydrate (8% to 40%), -terpinene (10%), a-terpinene (7.6%), linalyl acetate (2.2%), terpinen 4-ol (18% to 48%), myrcene (1.0%), linalool (9% to 39%), -cymene (3.2%), caryophyllene (2.6%), and a-terpineol (7.6%). Its flavor varies widely depending on its origins. The Indian and Turkish sweet marjorams have more d-linalool, caryophyllene, carvacrol, and eugenol. Its oleoresin is dark green, and 2.5 lb. are equivalent to 100 lb. of freshly ground marjoram. Marjoram contains calcium, iron, magnesium, phosphorus, potassium, sodium, vitamin A, vitamin C, and niacin. Culinary uses of Marjoram Marjoram is typically used in European cooking and is added to fish sauces, clam chowder, butter-based sauces, salads, tomato-based sauces, vinegar, mushroom sauces, and eggplant. In Germany, marjoram is called the “sausage herb” and is used with thyme and other spices in different types of sausages. It is usually added at the end of cooking to retain its delicate flavor or as a garnish. It goes well with vegetables including cabbages, potatoes, and beans. The seeds are used to flavor confectionary and meat products.

Product Details Color : Brown Variety : Long Grain, Medium Grain, Short Grain Speciality ; High In Protein Packaging Size : 10kg, 20kg MOQ : 1 Ton Business Type Manufacturer, Exporter, Supplier, Trader, Importer Country of Origin : India Cultivation Type : Organic Shelf Life ; 1 Year

Raw Bauxite: Bauxite is a soft, whitish to reddish-brown rock consisting mainly of alumina-bearing hydroxides, oxides of iron, silicon and titanium with impurities of Ca, Mg, Cr, V, P, Ga and other elements. Raw Bauxite is a major source of aluminium. Basic alumina containing minerals of Bauxites are gibbsite Al(OH)3, Boehmite g-AlO(OH) and Diaspore a-AlO(OH). We are a major Raw Bauxite Exporter based in Maharashtra (India) and catering to the diverse demands of several middle and eastern Asian countries. About Raw Bauxite: The processing of Raw Bauxite is done at a number of alumina refineries in the world. Bauxite can be processed at a low-temperature autoclave digestion (145 oC to 155 oC). Raw Bauxite can be used also for sweetening stage and for non-autoclave digestion in agitators (105 oC). About 85% of bauxite mined worldwide is used to produce alumina for refining into Aluminium metal and the balance 15% is processed and value added to make its way to other uses like refractory, chemical, cement, abrasives, etc. Aluminium is possibly the most versatile product with applications in almost every industry. Since Bauxite is the primary source for Aluminium there will always be an ongoing promising demand for the same. Application & Uses of Bauxite: Raw Bauxite is successfully used for metallurgical grade alumina production besides applications in the cement industry, alumina chemical, steel, alum, energy industries, flame-retardants, etc. Bauxite is used in : - Aluminium - Cement - Chemical - Blast Furnaces - Iron/Steel Ladles, etc. Advantages of Artha Bauxite: Artha Mineral Resources has good sources for Gibbsitic Bauxite which requires low digestion temperature (145 oC -155 oC) making it more economical to process. Mines are also in close proximity to all-weather ports which makes it very convenient and cost effective to ship this material.

2-Naphthol Basic information Chemical Properties Application Preparation Product Name: 2-Naphthol Synonyms: c.i.37500;c.i.azoiccouplingcomponent1;c.i.developer5;Developer A;Developer AMS;Developer BN;developera;developerams CAS: 135-19-3 MF: C10H8O MW: 144.17 EINECS: 205-182-7 Product Categories: Fluorescent;Naphthalene;pigments;alcohol;MICROCIDIN;Color Former & Related Compounds;Developer;Functional Materials;Intermediates;Aromatic Compounds;Alphabetical;Bioactive Small Molecules;Biochemicals and Reagents;Building Blocks;C9 to C20+;Cell Biology;Chemical Synthesis;Fluorescent Indicators and Probes;Fluorescent Probes;Labels;N;Organic Building Blocks;Oxygen Compounds;Particles and Stains;pH Sensitive Probes and Indicators;Phenols;Dyestuff Intermediates;Aromatics Mol File: 135-19-3.mol 2-Naphthol Chemical Properties Melting point 120-122 C(lit.) Boiling point 285-286 C(lit.) density 1,28 g/cm3 vapor density 4.97 (vs air) vapor pressure 10 mm Hg ( 145.5 C) refractive index 1.5762 (estimate) Fp 153 C storage temp. Refrigerator solubility methanol: soluble1g/10 mL, clear, colorless to light yellow pka 9.51(at 25C) form Powder, Crystals or Granules color White PH Range Non& uorescence (8.5) to blue & uorescence (9.5) Water Solubility 1 g/L (20 C) �»max 226nm, 265nm, 275nm, 286nm, 320nm, 331nm Merck 14,6384 BRN 742134 Stability: Stable. Combustible. Dust may form explosive mixture with air. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, phenol. Major Application Display device, semiconductors, photoimaging materials, inks, toner, chalk, security paper, molding materials, tin plating method, rubber, adhesive, leather, detergent, hair dyes, antimitotic drug, anticancer agent, antiinflammatory agent, treatment of acne vulgaris (pimples) and other dermal ailments (rashes, scratches, blemishes, hair loss), disorders InChIKey JWAZRIHNYRIHIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N CAS DataBase Reference 135-19-3(CAS DataBase Reference) NIST Chemistry Reference 2-Naphthalenol(135-19-3) EPA Substance Registry System 2-Naphthalenol (135-19-3) Safety Information Hazard Codes Xn,N Risk Statements 20/22-50 Safety Statements 24/25-61 RIDADR UN 3077 9/PG 3 WGK Germany 2 RTECS QL2975000 F 8 Autoignition Temperature 430 C TSCA Yes HazardClass 9 PackingGroup III HS Code 29071590 Hazardous Substances Data 135-19-3(Hazardous Substances Data) Toxicity LD50 orally in Rabbit: 1960 mg/kg LD50 dermal Rabbit > 10000 mg/kg 2-Naphthol Usage And Synthesis 2-Naphthol Preparation Products And Raw materials

1,Name: Sodium nitrite Molecular formula: NaNO2 Formula weght:69.00 2Property: (1) ordinary sodium nitrite: white little crystals or light yellow  (2) dry powder sodium nitrate: white crystal,non-caking, showing loose status. Density:2.168. No odor, slightly salty. It is liable to deliquesce, dissolved in water,soluble in liquid ammonia,slightly soluble in ethanol and glycerin,Melting Point:271. Decomposition temperature is 320. It has oxidability and also has reducibility. It will slowly be oxidized into sodium nitrate in atmosphere, it can form nitrogen compound with nitrilo at low temperatures. 3Usage:It has been widely used in making nitro-compound and azo dye, mordant of textile dyeing, bleaching agent, metal heat finishing agent, cement early strength agent, and deicing agent etc. Note: The product should be stored in a cool, dry place to prevent it from moisture, heat and sunlight. This product can not be mixed with strong reductant, inflammable and explosive materials, food, feed and additives. â?¢ This product is toxic and should be properly kept and can not be eaten. 4 Specification: (Technical Standards:GB2367-2006) Item Unit Molten salt G High G First G Qualified G Dry powder G Assay % 99.3 99.0 98.5 98.0 98.5 Sodium nitrate % 0.6 0.80 1.00 1.90 0.80 Chlorides % 0.03 0.10 0.17 -- 0.1 Water insolubles % 0.02 0.05 0.06 0.10 0.06 Moisture % 1.0 1.4 2.0 2.5 0.2 Loose degree -- -- -- -- 95 5,Package: net 50kg net each in plasic woven inner plasic bag, or according to customers requirement.